关于建昌县水资源利用与保护的探讨

目前,建昌县水资源面临着承载能力下降,且时空分布不均状态,特别是地表水利用率低,地下水过度开采,水源地不安全现象尤其严重.本文论述了如何利用保护好当地水资源,促进地区可持续发展的措施,如:需要做好水资源总体配置,发挥好现有地表水工程作用,控制地下水工程的数量,加强水源地保护与建设,最终做到建昌县水资源合理开发利用与保护.以上措施不仅是建昌地区也是其他地区可参考的水资源利用及保护方案.     

氢环境中含轴向裂纹管道扩展孕育期的计算

在天然气输送工程中，广泛存在着管道的氢损伤问题，根据内聚力损伤模型，运用权函数方法，通过计算数学裂纹长度，提出了含油向裂纹管道在氢环境承载能力的评估方法和裂纹扩展孕育期的计算方法，分析表明，随着裂纹尖端氢浓度的增大，裂纹尖端的内聚力随之减小，数学裂工度随之增大，管道的承载能力大大降低，另外从理论和数值计算两方面分析了操作压力，氢 环境，氢扩散系数以及环境温度对孕育的影响。     

Different combinations of protein ingredients in carp diets for reducing phosphorus loading

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to gather data on the reduction of environmental phosphorus (P) loading through the formulation of carp diets with different combinations of protein ingredients. Five experimental diets were formulated by substituting fishmeal (FM; 10–20%) with alternative protein sources such as meat meal (MM; 5–15%), blood meal (BM; 5–7%), and defatted soybean meal (dSBM; 6–10%). The control diet used was a commercial carp diet selected based on earlier experiments. Each diet was fed to duplicate groups of juvenile carp three times a day, until satiation for 12 weeks. Feed performance was proportional to the increase in dietary FM levels. Phosphorus absorption ranged between 41.6% and 52.0% among the experimental groups and was 42.6% for the control group, but there were no marked differences in nitrogen (N) absorption rates. Phosphorus retention ranged from 31.4% to 35.7% for the test diets, whereas N retention increased proportionally with dietary FM levels and ranged from 34.7% to 41.7%. The P and N retention values of the control diet were 27.6% and 41.2%, respectively. The total P loading (T-P) increased at the higher FM levels (9.1–10.7 kg/t production), whereas lower FM levels produced higher total N loading (T-N, 34.6–43.1 kg/t production), the figures for the control being 13.9 T-P kg/t production and 35.6 T-N kg/t production. These results indicate that the reduction of FM levels to 10–20% by replacing it with MM, BM, and dSBM in carp diets was effective in reducing the loading of P and N.     

KDY型输油泵运行故障分析及改进措施

针对KDY型输油泵运行中存在的润滑油泄漏、轴窜动量大、泵腰部拆卸不便、易损坏轴承和轴瓦等缺陷进行了原因分析,对泵的原设计提出了相应的改进措施。应用效果表明,改进后的KDY型输油泵的泵效已由原来的65%上升至80%,月润滑油泄漏量降至4kg,延长了止推轴承和轴瓦的使用寿命。     

An Approach for Estimating the Final Ultimate-bearing Capacity of Driven Pile In Soft Clay

The prefabricated pile,driven in soft clay,can squeeze the soil laterally in a certain scope around the pile,and the void ratio is reduced significantly;consequently,the shear bearing capacity is raised.But the soil parameter,which is used to estimate the capacity of pile,is reduced according to the soil state before the pile was driven.Then,a certain difference appears when the pile is working.The calculation result usually is partial to conservative.This paper analyzes the squeezing mechanism of the pile using the theory of cylindrical cavities expansion.And a formula,which is used to estimate the increment of shear bearing capacity of soil around the pile when excess pore water pressure from pile driving distributes completely,is presented based on the unique relation between the shear bearing capacity and the density of the soil.This formula can be used to estimate the final ultimate-bearing capacity of the pile.The calculated results by the proposed formula are in good agreement with those of the site measurement.     

真空碳热还原酸浸含钛高炉渣制备TiC分析

含钛高炉渣中含有20%~30%的TiO 2,是一种附加值较高的二次资源,但在综合利用过程中存在氧化物还原难度大,硅钛难分离,二次污染严重等问题。基于热力学理论基础,采用真空碳热还原联合酸浸工艺处理含钛高炉渣制备TiC。结果表明：真空有助于钛氧化物彻底还原,可实现渣中硅钛彻底分离,减少酸耗量,降低二次污染。真空碳热还原联合酸浸工艺处理含钛高炉渣(TiO 2含量23%左右)制备TiC的最佳条件为：炉渣粒度200目,还原温度1 673 K,渣碳质量比100∶38。     

夏播大豆品种的生育期特性与农艺性状的关系分析

从 339个大豆品种中选取生育期小于 1 0 0d的 1 0 3个品种进行生育期结构特性与农艺性状的分析。结果表明 :①R1最长的为华北品种 ,最短的为外国品种 ;②R7最长的为东北品种 ,最短的为南方品种 ;③R1与生育前期即营养生长阶段 ,高纬地区长于低纬地区 ;R7与生育后期即生殖生长阶段 ,低纬地区长于高纬地区 ;④R1、生育前期长的品种 ,单株荚数、单株粒数多 ,株高较高 ;R7、生育后期长的品种 ,百粒重高 ;⑤筛选出一批对光温不敏感的品种     

滚动轴承数显测试仪的研制

介绍了新型计量仪器——滚动轴承数显测试仪的结构、功能、工作原理、技术指标、模拟电路设计、８０９８单片微机系统的硬件及软件设计等。     

陕西省气候资源生产潜力与土地人口承载力的研究

该文系统分析了陕西省气候资源状况，估算了气候资源生产潜力，评价分析了气候资源利用状况。并以粮食人口承载力指数作为判别土地人口承载力的标准，对全省土地人口承载力进行预测。这将对该省的水土保持综合治理及国民经济持续发展具有宏观指导作用。     

西藏冬小麦成穗率与气候条件的关系

在系统分析研究西藏自治区山南地区多年气候因子对冬小麦成穗率的影响规律基础上，建立了成穗率气候模型。结果表明：山南地区冬小麦三叶一分蘖期间的平均气温偏高有利于成穗率的增加；分蘖一拔节期空气干燥将减少成穗率；孕穗一抽穗期的空气湿度为49％左右、日较差小、阴雨寡照有利于成穗率的提高。